Muscles

graph TD
    X{Muscles} ==> X1[Skeletal Muscles];
    X ==>X2[Cardiac Muscles];
    X ==> X3[SMooth Muscles];

Charcteristics	SKeletal	Cardiac	Smooth
FIlaments Arrangement	Striated	Striated but not entire length	not Striated in layers
Action	Voluntary	Autonomic Control	Autonomic Control
Cells	Multinucelated spawning the hole muscle	like legs with branched	oval shaped
unit of action	Sarcomere	Sarcomere	No sarcomere
Location	skeletons	heart	internal organs

---

Skeletal Muscles

Epidemiology

graph TD
    X{Epidemiology of SK-M} ==> x1[fusion of multiple cells];
    x1 ==>|Histology| x1a[Multi-nucleated long Fibre] 

Organisation SKeletal Muscles

graph TD
    subgraph Musclecell
    Zy[Actin and myosin filament ] ==>|forms| zy1[Myofilaments ];
    zy1==> za[multiple myofilaments grouped to form Myofibril];
    za ==>za1[Each  cell has Multiple Fibrils surrounded 
By plasma membrane called Sarcolemma =<mark>Invaginated villi = T Tubule</mark> ]
    za1==>za1a[Smooth ER and T-tubules Binds to form Terminal Cistern]; 
    end 

    X{myofibre = single SKM cells} -.->|Covered by | X1[Endomesium,Loose Connective Tissue];
    X ==>|multiple SKM cells | x1a[Muscle Fasicule];
    x1a -.->|Covered by | x1a1[Peri-mesium,Losse and Dense Connective Tissue];
    x1a ==>|grouped together| x2[Muscle];

Activation of Muscle

graph TD 
    X{Somatic Motor command form Brain} ==>|via| X1[Cortico-SPinal tract];
    X1 ==>|via Upper Motor Neuron| X1a[UMN binds to LMN cell at 
Ventral Horn];
    X1a ==> X1a1[LMN axon to the Muscle ];
    X1a1 ==> X1a1a[multiple axon branches form End plate on the T tubule of Muscle ];
    X1a1a ==> X1a1ab[Ach released into T-Tubule];
    X1a1ab ==>|Ach travels via T -Tubule | X1a1b1[ACh binds to Sarcolemma ];
    X1a1ab1 ==>|Ach causes Sarcolemma to release Ca2+| X1a1b2[Ca2+ travels into the cells and acts on SArcomere];

Structures of Sarcomere

- M line = like M there lines,Myosin is attached - A-Band = the Total Myosin Present area - Z - Line = The zig zag line at each end ,where the Actin is attached - I band(i can contract ) = Actin not attached to Myosin - H band = Myosin not attached to Actin