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Cartilage

graph TD
    A[Supporting CT] ==>A1[Bone];
    A ==> A2[Cartilage];
    A2 ==>|Type 2 collagen| Aa[Hyaline];
    A2 ==>|Type 2 + Elastin| Ab[elastic cartilage];
    A2 ==>|type 2 + Type 1 collagen| Ac[Fibrocartilage];

Characteristics

  • GAG which is negative charged absorbs water
  • Collagen 2

Formation

graph TD
    X{mesenchymal stem cell} ==>|goes to the site of Cartilage formation| X1[ Changes to Chondrio-progenitor cells];
    X1 ==> X2[proliferate to Chondrioblast];
    X2 ==> X3[Chondrio-blast secrete ECM ]
    X3 ==>|Once each cell separated from other| X4[turn to Chondrio-Cytes];
    X4 ==>|the Chondrio-progenitor cells outside the chondrio-blast forms| X5[Chondrogenic Perichondrium];
    A[Fibroblast] ==> X5;
    A ==>A1[forms Connective tissue Proper around Chondrogenic Perichondrium from Blood supply];

Layers of Cartilage

Outside to Inside

  • Fibroblast CT(blood supply)
  • Chondro-genic Peri-chondrium(Stem cells)
  • Chondro-blast
  • Chondro-Cyte
  • Isogenous group of daughters of Chondrocytes (nest cells), Lacunae where the cells where there can be seen

Types of Cartilage

Classfication of Cartialge 1. Hyaline cartilage(collagen 2) - At trache - Without perichondrial progenitor(prevent overgrowth of cartilage) in Bones ==> Articular Cartilage at ends of bone to prevent friction of bones -

Osteo-arthritis

Loss of articular cartilage due to wear and tear cannot heal ,due no Peri-chondrite stem cells not found naturally on perimeter.

  1. Elastic Cartilage(collagen 2 + elastin)
    • @ ears
  2. Fibro-Cartilage(collagen 2 + collagen 1)
    • (-)stem cells[strong] with fibroblasts for Collagen 1
    • Chondrio-cytes in lined order
    • @ jaw claudiation fibre
    • @ intra-vertebral disks

Disc Herniation

Fibro cartilage damage due to herniation cannot heal due to no Peri-chondrite stem celln