3.Killing of Microbes my Netrophils and Next steps¶
graph TD
X[Organism Phagocytosed] ==> X1[fusion in to Phagolysosome];
X1 ==> x1a[O2 dependent killing] & x1b[O2 independent killing - enzymatic killing];
subgraph O2-dependant( ***Most Effective Killing***)
X2[O2] -.->|NADPH oxidase e^-| X2a[02^.];
Z[Some Aerobic organisms naturllay produce] -,-> Z1[H2O2]
X2a -.->|SOD| X2b[H2O2];
Z1 -.->|Mylo-perioxidase| X2c[HOCL];
X2b -.->|Mylo-perioxidase| X2c[***HOCL***];
end
subgraph O2-independant(Enzymatic)
X1b ==>|lysosomal enzymes| X3[Degradation of Organism];
end
Chronic Granulomatous deficiency
- X-linked / Autosomal recessive disorder in NADPH oxidase
- but works on Areobic Microbes except on Catalse organisms
graph TD
subgraph O2-dependant
X2[O2] -.->|<del>NADPH oxidase e^-</del>| X2a[<del>02^.</del>];
Z[Some Aerobic organisms naturllay produce] -.-> Z1[H2O2]
Z1a[Catalase positive Organisms] ==> Z1a[<del>H2o2</del>]
X2a -.->|SOD| X2b[H2O2];
Z1a -.->|Mylo-perioxidase| X2c[<del>HOCL</del>];
X2b -.->|Mylo-perioxidase| X2c[<del>HOCL</del>];
end -
Diagnosis¶
- Nitro-blue Tetrazolium Test 1. O2^- converts dye to blur = Normal human Blue color change ,deficient person no blue color
MPO Deficiency
- Mylo-peroxidase deficiency leads to failure in Conversion of H2O2 to HOCL for killing
- Normal Nitroblue -Tetrazolium is normal as presence of O2^-
``` mermaid
graph TD
subgraph O2-dependant
X2[O2] -.->|NADPH oxidase e^-| X2a[02^.];
Z[Some Aerobic organisms naturllay produce] -.-> Z1[H2O2]
Z1a[Catalase positive Organisms] ==> Z1a[H2o2]
X2a -.->|SOD| X2b[H2O2];
Z1a -.->|Mylo-perioxidase| X2c[HOCL];
X2b -.->|Mylo-perioxidase| X2c[HOCL];
end
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Resolution of Neutrophils
- Apoptosis of Recruited Neutrophils (pus)
-
Macrophage after (2-3 days)
- from monocytes by Margin-nation,Rolling ,Adhesion,transmigration
- Ingestion of debris
- ENzymatic Killing
-
End inflamamtion or to Chronic Inflammation(Resolution/Healing or Inflammation)