Free radicals

1. From Physiological(Oxidative Phosphorylation )
2. pathological(Neutrophil for microbial killing)

Neutophil killing with HOCL

graph LR
    X[O2]==>|NAPDH oxidase| x2[O2.]
    x2 ==>|Superoxide Desmutase| x3[H2O2]
    x3 ==>|"'***Myloperoxidase'"| x4[HOCL]

• Source of Electon from NADPH produced by HMP shunt

• Drugs and metals(Fe)

• Radiation

Damage by free radicals

1. Extracellular
   • Per-Oxidation of lipids
2. Intracellular
   • Oxidation of DNS(DNA Damage) and Protein

Prevention of Free radical injury

1. Enzymes
2. Metal carriers(ferratin,Transferrin)
3. Antioxidants(Vitamin A,E)

Enzymes in free radical injury Prevention

1. H2O2 produced is converted to H2O by Glutathione Peroxidase enzyme using electron from GSH
2. GSH Oxidized to form GSSH
3. GSSH is reduced to GSH by Glutathione reductase